Insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus type-2
Insulin resistance has deleterious consequences whenever it occurs chronically. Insulin resistance is a disorder which is currently not treated adequately. The reduced insulin sensitivitiy of the body requires an enhanced release of insulin from the B cell of the pancreas. Although hyperinsulinemia is an adaptive response, it has various negative effects on organs which do not become insulin resistant.
    After a prolonged period of enhanced insulin release, the B cell of the pancreas loses the ability to secrete insulin in amounts which can maintain normal blood glucose levels. This marks the onset of diabetes mellitus type-2 which has previously been referred to as adult-onset diabetes. A marked rise in the incidence of diabetes type-2 has recently been observed in young persons of affluent societies.
    A sympathetic overactivity is known to induce insulin resistance and the intriguing possibility arises that it can initiate pathways finally leading to diabetes type-2. Moxonidine acts early in the pathophysiological cascade leading to diabetes. It is an often met misunderstanding that moxonidine is just another antihypertensive drug. Rather moxonidine improves insulin sensitivity and in addition has an antihypertensive action.